Humansubjects research policy

Research involving human participants must comply with internationally accepted ethical principles, including respect for autonomy, privacy, and informed decision-making.

Authors must confirm that:

• The study received approval from an appropriate ethics committee before commencement.

• Participants provided informed consent when required.

• Personal identifying information has been protected.

• Patient confidentiality has been maintained throughout the research process.

For medical imaging studies, including radiology, PET/CT, MRI, CT, and other clinical imaging research, all images and clinical data must be anonymized before analysis or publication.

When informed consent is not required due to the retrospective nature of a study, authors must provide justification and ethics committee approval.

The journal follows the principles of responsible research involving human participants.